Tuesday, November 27, 2012

ABG for Dummies


Working in Emergency department require you to capable do most of the procedure include reading Arterial Blood Gases Value.

Got problem with it?
Here, I will explain in a very easy way..My way..LOL..

First, to detect the abnormalities,we must knew the normal value.

Blood PH ------>7.35 - 7.45        
PaCO2----------> 35 - 45 ( mmHg )
HCO3 ---------->22-26 mEq / L
PaO2------------>80 - 100 mmHg
SaO2 ------------>95% -100%
BE -------------> -2  to +2

explanation:
PH, PaCo2, and HCo3 tell us about acid base balance

SaO2 and PaO2 indicates oxygenation status.

BE Indicates the amount of excess or insufficient level of sod.Bicab in the system.
Important in calculation of Dose Sodium Bicab Need to be given.

PH
If less than 7.35 its acidic and more than 7.45 is alkali .

PaCo2 
Less than 35 - alkali
More than 45 - acidic

HCo3
The calculated value of amount sodium bicabarbonat in blood stream.
Less than 22 - acidic
More than 26 - alkali

BEFORE WE PROCEED, BEAR IN MIND :

Co2 ---->  Lung ( Respiratory) problem
HCo3 ----> Kidney (metabolic ) problem


ANALYZING ABG

STEP 1 - PH  acidic or alkali ?
STEP 2 -Co2  acidic or alkali ?
STEP 3 - HCo3 acidic or alkali?


e.g

PH        7.48  ------->  alkali
Co2       48 ----------> acidic
HCo3    28 ----------> alkali

Well, Seems like alkali wins right? Which system got prob? Kidney the winner right?

So, its Metabolic Alkalosis

Okay, How if the PH is normal ?? It could happen...

e.g

PH        7.38  ------->  Normal
Co2       48 ----------> acidic
HCo3    28 ----------> alkali


Alright, here we look at the normal range of the blood PH.
Its 7.35 to 7.45
Just take single value in between of that two value -----> its 7.4

So, everything give you below than 7.4 consider as acidic and above 7.4 is consider alkali.

Problem solve?

So, try intepret the ABG value above.....what is it?


Answer : 

PH        7.38  ------->  Normal ( more to acidic )
Co2       48 ----------> acidic
HCo3    28 ----------> alkali

So its Respiratory Acidosis  

wink* wink*


Now we have to know whether the compensation between kidney and lungs did happen or not.
How do we know??

Well I make it Easy for you..

There is three type of compensation
  1. Fully compensated
  2. Partially Compensated
  3. No Compensation



FULLY COMPENSATED
In this condition, both lung and kidney do their job well..so,the BLOOD PH will maintained in NORMAL range.KIDNEY and LUNG exhausted because working hard.So,their value both out of normal range in opposite way ( means, if kidney alkali lung will be acidic and vice versa)...because they give and take.


PARTIALLY COMPENSATION

Well in this situation, Kidney and lung do their best but still cannot maintain the PH in normal Value. After trying so hard,their stopped.Three of them all in bad shape.All out of normal range..


NO COMPENSATION

In this situation, Blood PH is out of normal range.
Here got two situation :
  1.  Kidney or lung still in normal value. One of them in bad shape though...LOL
    its like this : kidney abnormal and lung normal or vice versa.
  2. Or both of them goes in same way...both acidic or both alkali.

HERE :

e.g

PH        7.48  ------->  alkali
Co2       48 ----------> acidic
HCo3    28 ----------> alkali


 metabolic alkolosis, partially compensanted





Thank You.. :)



9 comments:

  1. You have no idea how much you just helped me! Thank you so much!!!!!!

    ReplyDelete
  2. Wow this is amazing!!!!!!!!!! do you have any nclex for dummies!!!!!

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Sorry I don't write bout it yet.. :) glad my article help u :)

      Delete
  3. Ok so this totally makes more sense. Feeling way better about my test tomorrow

    ReplyDelete
  4. I truly thank you so much, you explained the steps so detailed. Please continue helping by posting nursing topics.

    ReplyDelete
  5. This just helped me soooooo much, and I've been a nurse for3 years!

    ReplyDelete
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    ReplyDelete

ABG for Dummies


Working in Emergency department require you to capable do most of the procedure include reading Arterial Blood Gases Value.

Got problem with it?
Here, I will explain in a very easy way..My way..LOL..

First, to detect the abnormalities,we must knew the normal value.

Blood PH ------>7.35 - 7.45        
PaCO2----------> 35 - 45 ( mmHg )
HCO3 ---------->22-26 mEq / L
PaO2------------>80 - 100 mmHg
SaO2 ------------>95% -100%
BE -------------> -2  to +2

explanation:
PH, PaCo2, and HCo3 tell us about acid base balance

SaO2 and PaO2 indicates oxygenation status.

BE Indicates the amount of excess or insufficient level of sod.Bicab in the system.
Important in calculation of Dose Sodium Bicab Need to be given.

PH
If less than 7.35 its acidic and more than 7.45 is alkali .

PaCo2 
Less than 35 - alkali
More than 45 - acidic

HCo3
The calculated value of amount sodium bicabarbonat in blood stream.
Less than 22 - acidic
More than 26 - alkali

BEFORE WE PROCEED, BEAR IN MIND :

Co2 ---->  Lung ( Respiratory) problem
HCo3 ----> Kidney (metabolic ) problem


ANALYZING ABG

STEP 1 - PH  acidic or alkali ?
STEP 2 -Co2  acidic or alkali ?
STEP 3 - HCo3 acidic or alkali?


e.g

PH        7.48  ------->  alkali
Co2       48 ----------> acidic
HCo3    28 ----------> alkali

Well, Seems like alkali wins right? Which system got prob? Kidney the winner right?

So, its Metabolic Alkalosis

Okay, How if the PH is normal ?? It could happen...

e.g

PH        7.38  ------->  Normal
Co2       48 ----------> acidic
HCo3    28 ----------> alkali


Alright, here we look at the normal range of the blood PH.
Its 7.35 to 7.45
Just take single value in between of that two value -----> its 7.4

So, everything give you below than 7.4 consider as acidic and above 7.4 is consider alkali.

Problem solve?

So, try intepret the ABG value above.....what is it?


Answer : 

PH        7.38  ------->  Normal ( more to acidic )
Co2       48 ----------> acidic
HCo3    28 ----------> alkali

So its Respiratory Acidosis  

wink* wink*


Now we have to know whether the compensation between kidney and lungs did happen or not.
How do we know??

Well I make it Easy for you..

There is three type of compensation
  1. Fully compensated
  2. Partially Compensated
  3. No Compensation



FULLY COMPENSATED
In this condition, both lung and kidney do their job well..so,the BLOOD PH will maintained in NORMAL range.KIDNEY and LUNG exhausted because working hard.So,their value both out of normal range in opposite way ( means, if kidney alkali lung will be acidic and vice versa)...because they give and take.


PARTIALLY COMPENSATION

Well in this situation, Kidney and lung do their best but still cannot maintain the PH in normal Value. After trying so hard,their stopped.Three of them all in bad shape.All out of normal range..


NO COMPENSATION

In this situation, Blood PH is out of normal range.
Here got two situation :
  1.  Kidney or lung still in normal value. One of them in bad shape though...LOL
    its like this : kidney abnormal and lung normal or vice versa.
  2. Or both of them goes in same way...both acidic or both alkali.

HERE :

e.g

PH        7.48  ------->  alkali
Co2       48 ----------> acidic
HCo3    28 ----------> alkali


 metabolic alkolosis, partially compensanted





Thank You.. :)



9 comments:

Unknown said...

You have no idea how much you just helped me! Thank you so much!!!!!!

Anonymous said...

Wow this is amazing!!!!!!!!!! do you have any nclex for dummies!!!!!

abigail said...

Tq 4 visiting :)

abigail said...

Sorry I don't write bout it yet.. :) glad my article help u :)

NursingSchoolMomma said...

Ok so this totally makes more sense. Feeling way better about my test tomorrow

Nour said...

Many many thanks :)

Anonymous said...

I truly thank you so much, you explained the steps so detailed. Please continue helping by posting nursing topics.

Anonymous said...

This just helped me soooooo much, and I've been a nurse for3 years!

RatnaVita said...

Dalam memperingati Festival Poker 2019 yang akan diadakan pada bulan Februari dari tanggal 09 – 14 Februari 2019. Pokervita selaku situs poker online uang asli akan mengadakan promo menarik bagi anda semuanya yang berhasil mengumpulkan turn over dalam periode tersebut. Promo ini bernama Festival Pokervita Koin 2019. AduQ Online


HUBUNGI KAMI !!
WA: 0812.2222.996
BBM : PKRVITA1 (HURUF BESAR)
Wechat: pokervitaofficial
Line: vitapoker

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